APPENDIX A

DETAILS 0F BIOGRAPHY AND ORGANIZATION

Luigi ADWOK, born ca. 1929 near Fashoda.
Education: mission schools in Southern Sudan, then Bakht ar-Ruda Institute near Khartoum.
Profession: Schoolmaster and, after independence, involved in politics.
Notable achievements: Member of Supreme Council 1964, Commissioner of Upper Nile Province 1971-1972, Regional Minister of Education 1972-1973.
Currently in retirement living in Khartoum. Interviewed March 23, 1976.

Oliver C. ALLISON, born 1908.
Education: Queens College, Cambridge, then Theological College, Cambridge.
Profession: District missionary (C.M.S.) 1938-1948, Assistant Bishop of the Sudan 1948-1953. Anglican Bishop of the Sudan 1953-1974.
Notable achievements: The only non-Sudanese Christian allowed free access to the Southern Sudan throughout the civil war.
Currently Vicar, Inkpen Rectory, Inkpen, Berkshire, England.
Interviewed January 21, 1976.

J. Lowrie ANDERSON, born 1902.
Education: unknown
Profession: Pastoral missionary (Presbyterian) 1926-1964 in various mission stations in Upper Nile Province.
Notable achievements: Secretary of the American Mission 1949-1964.
Currently in retirement in Grove City, Pa. Interviewed December 24, 1977.

Leonzio BAND, born 1904.
Education: Unknown
Profession: Roman Catholic Priest (Verona Fathers)
Notable achievements: Secretary to Roman Catholic Bishop of Khartoum 1929-1938, Schools Secretary and Parish
Priest in Bahr al-Ghazal and Equatoria Province 1938-1947.
Currently Archivist for Missionari Comboniani in Rome.
Interviewed April 7-8, 1976.

Isabel BLAIR
Education: Unknown
Profession: Educational missionary (Presbyterian) 1934-1939 in Upper Nile Province
Currently in retirement in Philadelphia, Pa.
Submitted questionnaire dated December 30, 1975.

259

260

Sir Richard BURTON
Adventurer and explorer. Led controversial expeditions in search of the source of the Nile from 1855 to 1959. See Bibliography for publications.

Una COIE
Education: Unknown
Profession: Educational missionary (Presbyterian) 1918-1956 in Umdurman, then Upper Nile Province
Currently in retirement in Clarinda, Iowa.
Questionnaire and letter submitted, dated April 11, 1975.

Christopher COOK
Education: Cambridge University, C.M.S. Headquarters, London for teacher training.
Profession: Educational missionary (C.M.S.) 1940-1964 in Equatoria Province
Notable achievements: seconded to Uganda, served as C.M.S. Secretary for Education 1956-1964.
Currently in retirement in Headington, Oxfordshire, England.
Interviewed January 27, 1976.

Ernest CORBYN, born 1881.
Education: Trinity College, Cambridge
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Director of Education, 1927.
Deceased.

Sir Christopher COX, born 1899.
Education: Balliol College, Oxford
Profession: Tutor, New College, Oxford. British Government educational expert 1937-1947.
Notable achievements: Director of Education, Government of the Sudan 1937-1939. Currently in retirement at New College, Oxford.
Interviewed February 5, 9 and 27, 1976.

Santino DENG, born 1922 near Kwajok, Bahr al-Ghazal Province, Sudan
Education: elementary and intermediate schools in Southern Sudan, 1933-1941.
Profession: Peace Officer, Bahr al-Ghazal Province Sudan Notable achievements: Government Minister 1954-1964, active in Southern political coalition in Khartoum until 1964. Currently in government service in Bahr al-Ghazal Province.
Questionnaire submitted and letter dated January 27, 1977.

Virgil F. DOUGHERTY
Education: Unknown
Profession: Medical missionary (Presbyterian) 1938-1943 In Upper Nile Province
Currently in retirement in Lindsay, Oklahoma.
Questionnaire submitted April 29, 1975.

261

Ireneo DUD, born ca. 1910 near Wau, Bahr al-Ghazal Province, Sudan
Education: elementary and intermediate schools in Southern Sudan 1926-1934. Philosophy and Theology at Gulu Seminary, Uganda 1935-1944.
Profession: Roman Catholic Priest
Notable achievements: Parish Priest among the Dinka 1944-1960. First Sudanese Roman Catholic to serve as Archbishop of Juba.
Currently Roman Catholic Archibishop.
Interviewed in Juba April 15, 1977.

D. M. H. (David) EVANS, born 1907.
Education: Oriel College, Oxford.
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: served as District Commissioner in several locations in Equatoria Province 1933-1942.
Currently in retirement near Lymington, Hampshire, England.
Interviewed December 9, 1975.

Sir Angus GILLAN, born 1885
Education: Magdalen College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Civil Secretary 1934-1939
Currently in retirement in Leigh, Surrey, England.
Interviewed December 29, 1975.

V. L. GRIFFITHS
Founder of Bakht ar-Ruda Teacher Training Institute near Khartoum and expert on educational affairs in Northern Sudan. Author of An Experiment in Education (London: Longman and Green, 1953).
Currently in retirement at Magdalen College, Oxford.
Interviewed December 11, 1975.

John HARTLEY, born 1905
Education: St. Catharine's College, Cambridge
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Education Inspector in Southern Sudan 1934-1940.
Currently in retirement in Reading, England.
Interviewed January 15, 1976.

K. D: D. HENDERSON, born 1903
Education: University College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Director of Public Security 1938-1944. Author of The Making of the Modern Sudan (London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 1953)
Currently in retirement at Steeple Langford near Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.
Interviewed January 13, 1976.

262

Denys HIBBERT, born 1905
Education: Worcester College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: served in Education Department 1929-1935. Assistant Director of Education (South) 1945-1950, Director of Education 1950-1954.
Currently in retirement in Fordingbridge, Hampshire, England.
Interviewed February II, 1976.

Sir Hubert HUDDLESTON
Governor-General during World War II, 1940-1947.

George JANSON-SMITH, born 1908
Education: St. Edmund Hall, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: nearly twenty years. of involvement with education in Southern Sudan, 1937-1955. Assistant Director of Education (South) 1950-1955
Currently in retirement at Bonchurch, Isle of Wight, England.
Interviewed January 14, 1976.

Sir Herbert KITCHENER
Commander of the Anglo-Egyptian Expeditionary Force which reconquered the Sudan in 1898. Governor-General 1898-1899.

Kedhekia MABIOR, born ca. 1920 near Juba, Sudan
Education: elementary, intermediate and teacher training in Southern Sudan 1934-1943.
Profession: teacher
Notable achievements: taught in mission schools 1943-1954. Currently Canon at Episcopal Cathedral, Juba.
Interviewed April 15, 1977.

Sir Harold MACMICHAEL, born 1882.
Education:- Magdalene College, Cambridge.
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Civil Secretary 1926-1934. High Commissioner of Palestine 1938-1944.
Deceased.

Sir John MAFFEY Governor-General 1924-1934.

Sadiq al-MARDI
Grandson of the Mahdi, briefly .Prime Minister before the Nimeiry coup of 1969, and leader of the outlawed Umma political party.
Interviewed while, in exile at St. Antony's College, Oxford, on February 2, 1976.

263

Bona MALWAL, born ca. 1935 near Rumbek, Bahr al-Ghazal Province, Sudan
Education: elementary and intermediate schools in Southern Sudan, 1944-1954
Profession: Civil Servant, Sudan Government
Notable achievements: Minister of Culture and information 1972-present.
Currently resides in Khartoum.
Interviewed March 27, 1976.

John MATTHEW, born 1881
Education: Wadham College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service Notable achievements: Secretary of.
Education 1927-1932.
Deceased.

Sir Douglas NEWBOLD, born 1894
Education: Oriel College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Civil Secretary 1939-1945
Deceased

T. R. H. (Richard) OWEN, born 1903
Education: Corpus Christi College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: served in Bahr al-Ghazal Province, 1927, Equatoria Province, 1945-1948, Governor of Bahr alGhazal Province 1948-1953. Frequently quoted critic of Sir James Robertson's decision to reverse Southern Policy. Currently in retirement at Madley, Herefordshire, England.
Interviewed December 5-6, 1976.

Martin PARR, born 1892
Education: Brasenose College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service Notable achievements: Governor of Upper Nile Province 1934-1936, Governor of Equatoria Province 1936-1942.
Currently in retirement in London.
Interviewed December 2 and 10, 1975 and January, 27, 1976.

Sir James ROBERTSON, born 1899
Education: Balliol College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Civil Secretary 1945-1953, last GovernorGeneral of Nigeria
Currently In retirement at Cholsey, Berkshire, England.
Interviewed December 3, 1975

Kenneth ROSEVEARE
Secretary of Education 1939-1946

264

G. N. SANDERSON
Member of History Faculty, University of Khartoum and currently Dean, Royal Holloway College, University.of London. See Bibliography for publications
Interviewed January 7, 1976

Lillian SANDERSON
Long-time researcher into education in Southern Sudan. See Bibliography for publications
Interviewed January 7, 1976.

Stefano SANTANDREA, born 1904
Education: Unknown
Profession: Roman Catholic Priest (Verona Fathers)
Notable achievements: missionary and teacher in Equatoria Province 1928-1957
Currently in retirement in Trastevere, Rome.
Interviewed April 9, 1976

Archdeacon A. SHAW
Head of Anglican C.M.S. missionary activities in Southern Sudan 1906-1937.
Deceased

John H. SPEKE
Adventurer and explorer, companion and later opponent of Burton in quest for sources of Nile from 1855 to 1863. See Bibliography for publications

Sir Lee STACK
Governor-General of the Sudan 1916-1924 Assassinated in Cairo 1924

Sir Stewart SYMES, born 1882
Education: Sandhurst
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: Chief Secretary, Mandatory Government in Palestine 1925-1928, Governor of Tanganyika 1931-1933. Governor-General of the Sudan 1934-1940.
Deceased

Elias TONIOLO
Education: Unknown
Profession: Roman Catholic Priest (Verona Fathers)
Notable achievements: One.of first Roman Catholic missionaries to go through Colonial Education Course, London in 1939 as a result of Cox's reforms. Mission educator 1942-1952.
Currently African Coordinator for Verona Fathers in London.
Interviewed January 28, 1976

265
Frances TURK, born 1900
Education: Unknown
Profession: Missionary Nurse (Presbyterian) in Umdurman and later Upper Nile Province 1922-1958
Currently in retirement in Pittsburgh, Pa.
Questionnaire and letter submitted April 11, 1975

C. W. WILLIAMS
Assistant Director of Education, Government of Sudan during 1930s. Author of 1936 Williams Report (SGA Equatoria 114/16 of February 9, 1936).

Sir Reginald WINGATE
Governor-General of the Sudan 1899-1916

R.K. WINTER, born 1883
Education: Oriel College, Oxford
Profession: Sudan Political Service
Notable achievements: served in Bhar al-Ghazal Province 1921-1925, Secretary for Education 1932-1937.
Deceased
Occupants of Important Posts 1928-1946
Governor-General Civil Secretary

Sir John Maffey 1924-1934 Sir Harold MacMichael 1926-1934

Sir Stewart Symes 1934-1940 Sir Angus Gillan 1934-1939

Sir Hubert Huddleston 1940-1947 Sir Douglas Newbold 1939-1945

Sir James Robertson 1945-1953

Secretary of Education

John Matthew 1927-1932

R. K. Winter 1932-1937

Sir Christopher Cox 1937-1939

K. Roseveare 1939-1946

Organization of Relevant Offices of Sudan Government 1928-1946 Governor-General Finance Dept. Civil Secretary Legal Dept. Province Governors Dept. of-Education Other Depts. District District Dis ct Asst. Dir. of Educ.(South) Native Administration Inspector Inspector Inspector