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- PREHISTORY
- Altamira's Cave
Abstract: General information on Altamira's cave.
- Museo Arqueológico Nacional (Madrid). The site of the National Archological Museum in Madrid. History of the museum and commentary of some of its main pieces. It is also possible to consult its on-line database (BABEL), active since 1995.
- Atapuerca The site of the Atapuerca proyect. Discoveries, study of the pieces, etc.
- Laboratory of Paleolitic Studies . Description of different Paleolitical sites in Spain: Cueva del Moro, Cueva del Maltrivieso, La Mina de Ibo r. It is also dedicated to the study of extra-Cantabric paleolitical art.
- Ferran Lagarda i Mata. L'ARQUEOLOGIA DE MENORCA - Per Ferran Lagarda i Mata.
E-mail: felama@primerama.es Abstract: Only Catalan
- Pere IZQUIERDO i TUGAS. Collection of articles by the author of those pages
- U. of Barcelone. PYRENAE Journal of the Department of Prehistory, Ancient History and Archeology . Available at: http://www.ub.es/prehist/publicac.htm Abstract: Indexes
- U. of Santiago (Instituto de Investigaciones Tecnológicas). Grupo de Investigación en Arqueología del Paisaje . Available at: http://www-gtarpa.usc.es/ E-mail: pharpa@usc.es Abstract: El Grupo de Investigación en Arqueología del paisaje es una unidad universitaria autofinanciada de investigación, formación y servicios, especializada en tecnologías para la gestión integral y evaluación del patrimonio arqueológico.
- Arxeos : General page regarding Spanish Archeology.
- ANCIENT HISTORY
Large collections of resources
Important deparments of Ancient History in Spain
Archeological Areas
- MEDIEVAL HISTORY
- MODERN PERIOD
COLUMBUS & THE SPANISH DISCOVERIES
- The Avalon Project : Treaty Between Spain and Portugal, Concluded at Alcacovas, September 4, 1479 . Available at: http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/modeur/sppo01.htm Abstract: Treaty Between Spain and Portugal, Concluded at Alcacovas, September 4, 1479
- Colombus' letter tot the King and Queen of Spain, 1494 . Available at: http://www.ukans.edu/carrie/docs/texts/columlet.html E-mail: welling@let.rug.nl Columbus link page.
Abstract: This page contains links to pages with information about Columbus, several articles on Columbus, a description of his four voyages, a page on his first landfall and a links page.
- The Avalon Project : Priviledges and Prerogatives Granted by Their Catholic Majesties to Christopher Columbus : 1492 . Available at: http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/colum.htm Abstract: Priviledges and Prerogatives Granted by Their Catholic Majesties to Christopher Columbus : 1492
- The Avalon Project : Treaty Between Spain and Portugal, Concluded at Alcacovas, September 4, 1479 . Available at: http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/modeur/sppo01.htm Abstract: Treaty Between Spain and Portugal, Concluded at Alcacovas, September 4, 1479
- Monterey County Historical Society Website . Available at: http://www.dedot.com/mchs/ E-mail: mchs@dedot.com Abstract: Spain's exploration of the western coast of North America 50 years after Columbus.
- Dr. Tirado. The Computerized Information Retrieval System on Columbus and the Age of Discovery . Available at: http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/mainmenu.html Abstract: Discoverers Web: European Database on the Age of Discovery.
- Keith A. Pickering. The Columbus Letter . Available at: http://www.usm.maine.edu/~maps/columbus/ Abstract: Christopher Columbus's letter announcing the success of his voyage to the "islands of the India sea" is one of the most remarkable documents ever published. It is a key document in the social and intellectual histories of both Europe and the Americas
- Keith A. Pickering. The Columbus Navigation Homepage . Available at: http://www1.minn.net/~keithp/ Abstract: Examining the History, Navigation, and Landfall of Christopher Columbus.
- Columbus link page. Christopher Columbus' Journals, Logs and Letters . It gives the opportunity to enter into a more general Columbus link page. Once there the it is possible to find a good collection of links regarding the life, voyages, etc. of Christopher Columbus. Both pages are to be found in the site dedicated to the discoveries in general Discoverers Web Homepage . The page covers the period between the XVIth and XVIIth centuries. Abstract: This page contains links to pages with information about Columbus, several articles on Columbus, a description of his four voyages, a page on his first landfall and a links page.
- The Columbus Monuments Website.
Abstract: This website shows the monuments erected all over the world to honor Christopher Columbus and/or his 1492 voyage to America.
- Columbus and the Age of Discovery
- Columbus Navigation
- The Columbus Letter [documents]
- 1492 Exhibit, Library of Congress. Exhibition of the Library of Congress (USA) about the American "discovery" and the early steps of the conquest and colonisation. Include images and bibliography.
- On Columbus Voyages. Available at: http://www.cin.es/cafenet/etayo/default.htm.
- Medieval Sourcebook: Christopher Columbus: Extracts from Journal. Parts of Columbus' diary in English. The site contains as well some other transcription and translations regrading the European Expansion.
- La Conquista de América. Abstract: Antology of text regarding the Spanish expansion in America from the book by Dieter JANIK and Wolf LUSTIG Die spanische Eroberung Amerikas. Akteure, Autoren, Texte. Eine kommentierte Anthologie von Originalzeugnissen. Frankfurt/Main: Vervuert, 1989, 2. Aufl. 1992.
- Brief chronology of the History of Ecuador . Available at: http://www.erols.com/tinajero/
- Letter from Lope de Aguirre, rebel, to King Philip of Spain, 1561 . Available at: http://www.msstate.edu/Archives/History/Latin_America/aguirre.let Abstract: The following translation is by Tom Holloway, History, Cornell University, from the version published in A. Arellano Moreno (org.), DOCUMENTOS PARA LA HISTORIA ECONOMICA DE VENEZUELA , (Caracas, Univ. Central, 1961)
- Monterey County Historical Society Website . Available at: http://www.dedot.com/mchs/ E-mail: mchs@dedot.com Abstract: Spain's exploration of the western coast of North America 50 years after Columbus.
- Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument . Available at: http://www.nps.gov/sapu/ E-mail: sapu_ranger_activities@nps.gov Abstract: Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. Once, thriving American Indian trade communities of Tiwa and Tompiro speaking Puebloans inhabited this remote frontier area of central New Mexico. Early in the 17th-century Spanish Franciscans found the area ripe for their missionary efforts. However, by the late 1670s the entire Salinas District, as the Spanish had named it, was depopulated of both Indian and Spaniard. What remains today are austere yet beautiful reminders of this earliest contact between Pueblo Indians and Spanish Colonials
- The Treasure Fleets . Available at: http://www.northlink.com/~hauxe/ E-mail: hauxe@erols.com Abstract: The Story of the Spanish Treasure Fleets
- Chris Cook . Spanish history and Hawaii . Available at: http://www.islander-magazine.com/spanish.html
- Dr. Tirado. The Computerized Information Retrieval System on Columbus and the Age of Discovery . Available at: http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/mainmenu.html Abstract: Discoverers Web: European Database on the Age of Discovery
- Guillermo Guerra. Our Spanish Heritage . Available at: http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Ranch/5442/ E-mail: stnem@geocities.com Abstract: History and Genealogy of South Texas and Northeast Mexico
- American History, Spanish Conquest of Native America . Available at: http://www.floridahistory.com/
- Biography of Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, Spanish captain and explorer (XVIth century) http://www2.infotelecom.es/~pacomahon/
- The Spanish Empire. Course about the Spanish Empire (XVIth to XIXth century) by J. B. Owens (Idaho State University).It includes the programme, bibliography, and useful links.
- Emperor Carlos V Impressive site in Biblioteca Virtual "Miguel de Cervantes" carried out professionally by a selected group of historians. A "must" in your bookmarks. The latest is maintained by Ana M. Carabias Torres.
- Centenaries of Philip II and Charles V. Exhibitions, semminars, conferences, etc.
- Spanish Tercios by Dr. Pierre PICOUET
Abstract: It describes the famous spanish assault units, the Tercios, its history, strategy and tactics during the battles, way of living, comparison to other contemporary military units and examples of some important battles during the xvith-xviith centuries. A very good bibliography and links.
- A Page dedicated to El Escorial .
- The Catholic Reformation . Available at: http://history.hanover.edu/early/cath.htm
- Concilio de Trento . Available at: http://www.multimedios.org/bec/etexts/trento/concil_c.htm
- Letter from Lope de Aguirre, rebel, to King Philip of Spain, 1561 . Available at: http://www.msstate.edu/Archives/History/Latin_America/aguirre.let Abstract: The following translation is by Tom Holloway, History, Cornell University, from the version published in A. Arellano Moreno (org.), DOCUMENTOS PARA LA HISTORIA ECONOMICA DE VENEZUELA , (Caracas, Univ.Central, 1961).
- Los Tercios españoles en el Imperio. Available at: http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/8788/tercios.htm
Abstract: Spanish Military history (infantry)
- Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra . Available at: http://cervantes.alcala.es/biografia/cronologia.htm Abstract: Chronology regarding Cervantes
- Eduardo Urbina. Cervantes Project 2001 . Available at: http://csdl.tamu.edu/cervantes/english/index.html E-mail: e-urbina@tamu.edu Abstract: A comprehensive reference and research site on Cervantes' work and life
- Drea Leed. The Spanish Farthingale Page . Available at: http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/corsets/farthingale/index.html E-mail: aleed@dnaco.net Abstract: The cone shaped hoop skirt so ubiquitous in 16th century English Fashion was known as the farthingale, or to be more particular, the Spanish Farthingale.
- Manuscripts: Philadelphia Rare Books . Available at: http://www.prbm.com/interest/mss.htm Abstract: It sales old Spanish manuscripts
- Alcazar de Sevilla . Available at: http://www.fie.us.es/Sevilla/monumen/Alcazar.Interior.html Abstract: Description of the Alcazar of Seville
- Amigos de la Casa de la Moneda de Segovia . Available at: http://www.segoviamint.org/ E-mail: info@segoviamint.org Abstract: Friends of the Segovia Mint was established on November 5, 1993 to promote the restoration of the famous mint in Segovia, 53 miles from Madrid, Spain.
- Sevilla Collections . Available at: http://www.amnumsoc2.org/inc/sevilla.htm Abstract: Las colecciones públicas numismaticas que hoy se conservan en Sevilla son en parte el resultado de una antigua afición de los eruditos sevillanos de siglos atrás que, sin embargo y por muy desgraciadas razones, no corresponden en la actualidad a la gran riqueza que deberían haber tenido. La posición estratégica de la ciudad y su puerto y la prosperidad económica de que gozó ya en el siglo XVI potenciaron entre los nobles la formación de todo tipo de colecciones de objetos antiguos entre los que ya destacaban las monedas, como las crónicas cuentan que había reunido Argote de Molina.
- Guide to the Museo Casa de la Moneda (Peru) . Available at: http://www.bolivian.com/cnm/ E-mail: webmaster@bolivian.com
- Potosi's mint . Available at: http://www.bolivian.com/cnm/fiicvi.html Abstract: Money minted in Peru
- The Treasure Fleets . Available at: http://www.northlink.com/~hauxe/ E-mail: hauxe@erols.com Abstract: The Story of the Spanish Treasure Fleets
- Pillar Dollar . Available at: http://www.treasuresale.com/pillardr.htm Abstract: Pillar Dollar The Spanish * Pillar Dollar * valued at 8 reales, also call * Dos Mundos,* has been given a place in romantic fiction unequaled by any other coin.
- Alvaro de Mendaña Project
- Biography of Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, Spanish captain and explorer (XVIth century).
Charles V & Philip II
- Sociedad Estatal para la Conmemoración de los Centenarios de Felipe II y Carlos V, S. A. Sociedad Estatal Centenarios Felipe II y Carlos V .
- Information Resources on Charles V in the Internet (University of Salamanca) by Ana M. Carabias Torres carabias@gugu.usal.es
- Philip II . Available at: http://www.banesto.es/banesto/escorial/e9700058.htm Find-A-Grave by Cemetery: El Escorial Monastery . Available at: http://www.findagrave.com/cemeteries/spescorial.html Abstract: El Escorial Monastery Madrid, Spain A Grave Icon indicates that a photo of the grave is available.
- The real gravestone of Charles V and Philip II . Available at: http://www.ciudadfutura.com/escorial/panteon.htm E-mail: jota@arquired.es Abstract: LOS TESTAMENTOS TRAICIONADOS La verdadera idea de los enterramientos de El Escorial
- ALT 126 (Philip II) . Available at: http://www.aodweb.com/alt126/felipe/ E-mail: alt126@aodweb.com Abstract: by pablo álvarez joaquín cazaña carlos cazurro simón de francisco pablo requejo javier santos
- El Escorial and the Temple of Salomon . Available at: http://www.ciudadfutura.com/escorial/ E-mail: jota@arquired.es Abstract: Aprovechando que 1998 fue el 4º centenario de la muerte de Felipe II y que el 2000 será el 5º centenario del nacimiento de Carlos V , en esta página se estudia cómo el auténtico Sancta Sanctorum del Templo, el Panteón Real, era una capilla funeraria que servía a las tumbas que originalmente se colocaron bajo las estatuas que rodean al altar.
- Exhibition on Philip II . Available at: http://pymes.tsai.es/museoescultura/espanol/activi/felipeII.htm Abstract: Museo Nacional de Escultura. Palacio de Villena Del 15 de abril al 27 de junio de 1999.
- Atopan Galleons of the fleet under Philip II . Available at: http://www.finisterrae.com/index55.htm Abstract: 25 Spanish galleons lost in 1596 off Galicia recently found.
- BERTENDONA MSS . Available at: http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/lilly/mss/html/bertendo.html Abstract: The Bertendona mss., 1581-1667, are the papers of Martin de Bertendona, 1530?-1604, admiral in the Spanish Armada, and of his family and associates, primarily his son-in-law, Gaspar Olarte de Orozco.
- Letters of Philip II, King of Spain, 1592 - 1597. Available at: http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/phil2/ E-mail: Richard_Hacken@byu.edu
Abstract: These letters from Philip II, King of Spain, mainly to Don Diego de Orellana de Chaves, Royal Governor of Spain's northern coast, date from the time of naval war against England and France, 1592 - 1597. This collection is in the possession of the Special Collections Department of the Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA. The letters have not been previously published.
- Lopez Martin Collection MS ROOM . Available at: http://www.ukans.edu/carrie/ms_room/martin_coll/msroom.htm E-mail: imartin@datacomm.iue.it Abstract: A collection of more than 300 letters regarding the building of El Escorial dedicated to the memory of the Spanish architect and art-historian D. Luis Cervera Vera and other late sixteenth century manuscripts in Basque.
- Queen Elizabeth I Speech - Against the Spanish Armada . Available at: http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/elizabeth.htm Abstract: One of the most powerful women who ever lived was Queen Elizabeth I of England (1533-1603). She was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, and was known as the Virgin Queen or Good Queen Bess. She was 25 years old when she became Queen and ruled England for 44 years until age 69. In the 1500s there was an ongoing rivalry on the sea between the ships of England and Spain over control of trade in the New World. King Philip II of Spain decided to settle the question and put an end to English attacks on his ships by invading and conquering England. Philip assembled a huge fleet of warships known as the Spanish Armada and in 1588 sailed into the English Channel.
- The Spanish Armada of 1588 Website . Available at: http://tbls.hypermart.net/history/1588armada/ E-mail: Armada@kierans.demon.co.uk Abstract: The Spanish Armada of 1588 explores the story of King Philip II of Spain's attempt to invade England, which resulted in what is regarded as the longest naval battle in history.
- David Cornfield. The English Mercurie - July 23rd, 1588 . Available at: http://members.aa.net/~davidco/History/drake1.htm Abstract: Sir Francis Drake and the Spanish Armada
- Museo Naval de Madrid (Instituto Cervantes).
Abstract: Virtual visit to this Spanish Maritime Museum, pictures, objects, etc.
- Historia de Madridejos s. XVI - XVIII - Relaciones Topograficas de Felipe II . Available at: http://www.madridejos.net/Historia/relaciones.htm Abstract: HISTORIA DE MADRIDEJOS EN LOS SIGLOS XVI Y XVIII RELACIONES HISTÓRICO-GEOGRÁFICO-ESTADÍSTICAS DE LOS PUEBLOS DE ESPAÑA. HECHAS POR INICIATIVA DE FELIPE II 26 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1575 MADRIDEJOS
- Velázquez 1599-1999. Available at: http://www.iaph.junta-andalucia.es/Velazquez.html Abstract: Two sections one dedicated to the Velázquez centenary and another to the relation between the artist and Seville.
- Millennium . Available at: http://www.dkey.es/licanus/Millenni.html Abstract: Conjunto de Vihuelas de Arco Programa especial 1998: "La musica en la corte de Felipe II" En el IV centenario de la muerte de Felipe II (1598-1998) Programas: Italia y España en el Renacimiento Msica en la corte de Felipe II El esplendor del barroco Polifonistas en tiempos de Carlos V
- Spanish Early Music: Renaissance & Baroque MIDI Files . Available at: http://classicalmus.interspeed.net/paco/index.html E-mail: fvilanue@hotmail.com
- Art Beéche . Bourbon Weddings: Matrimonial Alliances of the Spanish Bourbons . Available at: http://www.eurohistory.com/bourbonweddings.html
- Guillermo Guerra. Our Spanish Her itage . Available at: http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Ranch/5442/ E-mail: stnem@geocities.com Abstract: History and Genealogy of South Texas and Northeast Mexico
- Memoir on the English Aggression, October 1750 . Available at: http://www.ukans.edu/carrie/docs/texts/english_aggression.html E-mail: welling@let.rug.nl
- Captain Alejandro Malaspina (1754-1810) . E-mail: mcneil@malaspina.com
- Shipwreck treasures from the Spanish Brig of war El Cazador. E-mail: museum@elcazador.com Abstract: Lost at sea in 1784, during a winter storm; Discovered in 1993
- Peter J. Milford . Battle of Cape St. Vincent - February 14th 1797 . E-mail: February 14th 1997 marked the bicentenary of the Battle of Cape St. Vincent, the first of the important series of Horatio Nelson's naval victories leading up to the bicentennial of the Battle of Trafalgar in 2005.
- Virtual Museum of Health in Spain
- Article about the character of the black slaves in the Spanish theter of the Golden Age.
- The Spanish Habsburg dinasty.
- The Sala Family Archives . Description of the work carried out in the private archive of this Catalan family. Material from the XIVth to the XVIIth centuries. The site includes some documents. Georgetown University (USA).
- The Spanish Armada Ships, skippers, captains, etc. of the English fleet defeating the Spanish Armada in 1588.
- Sir Francis Drake and the Spanish Armada report from the English Mercurie (July 23, 1588, English facsimil).
- The Spanish Armada
- Emblemática Database of Spanish emblematic, sponsored by the CICYT.
- Exhibition Don Quijote de la Mancha . Available at: http://milton.mse.jhu.edu:8006/ .
- Cervantes' works (U. of Alcala de Henares). Available at: http://cervantes.alcala.es/obras.htm .
- Cervantes project 200 1. Available at: http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/cervantes/english/index.html .
- Centro Virtual Cervantes . Available at: http://cvc.cervantes.es/obref/arnac/ .
- Casos Cervantinos que tocan Valladolid . Available at: Casos cervantinos que tocan a Valladolid [Web Page]. Available at: http://www.njin.net/~flopez/html/espanol/libros/a/casocerv.htm
XVIIth century
- COMEDIA . Available at: http://www.coh.arizona.edu/spanish/comedia/ E-mail: vwilliam@u.arizona.edu Abstract: Journal by the Association for Hispanic Classical Theater. Provides as well the texts of some Spanish theater pieces from the Modern Period.
- Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas. Poetry . Available at: http://luis.salas.net/indexfq.htm Abstract: Poems by F. de Quevedo
- Quevedo . Available at: http://www.usc.es/~quevd/ E-mail: fesfm@uscmail.usc.es
Abstract: Esta página quiere convertirse en la ventana Quevedo al mundo de la comunicación en Internet. Aquí hallará informaciones acerca de Francisco de Quevedo en todos sus aspectos, desde bibliografía reciente hasta materiales relacionados con el escritor, avances de próximas publicaciones, información sobre congresos o reuniones y la posibilidad de ampliar contactos con otros quevedistas e investigadores sobre el Siglo de Oro.
- Luis de Gongora y Argote . Available at: http://luis.salas.net/indexlg.htm Abstract: Poems by Luis de Gongora (1561-1627)
- 1648 - 350 Jahre Westfälischer Friede . Available at: http://www.westfaelischer-friede.de/ Abstract: Thirty Years War
- Centro Español de Logística: Articles . Available at: http://www.cel-logistica.org/velazquez.html Abstract: A logistic in the court of Philip IV
- Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument . Available at: http://www.nps.gov/sapu/ E-mail: sapu_ranger_activities@nps.gov Abstract: Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. Once, thriving American Indian trade communities of Tiwa and Tompiro speaking Puebloans inhabited this remote frontier area of central New Mexico. Early in the 17th-century Spanish Franciscans found the area ripe for their missionary efforts. However, by the late 1670s the entire Salinas District, as the Spanish had named it, was depopulated of both Indian and Spaniard. What remains today are austere yet beautiful reminders of this earliest contact between Pueblo Indians and Spanish Colonials
XVIIIth century
About the SPANISH HISTORY Index
The Spanish History Index is made of different pages which are always under construction. You will find Virtual Resources produced in Spain together with world-wide Resources if they are dealing with the history of Spain.
The URL of this page is http://vlib.iue.it/hist-spain/
The Spanish History Index is a joint project between the European University Institute's Library and the History & Civilisation Department
The Spanish History Index was created in 1995 and became part of the WWW-VL History Network in May 1999
The WWW VL Spanish History Index is sending a logo to the best Spanish History Sites
The icon is placed where full electronic versions of primary sources are to be found.
WWW-VL Spanish Museums
About the Maintainer
The page is managed by Iñaki López Martín [imartin@.iue.it]. Web and Publications editor of the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies of the European University Institute, Via dei Roccettini 9, I50016 San Domenico (FI),
Tel.: +39-0554685-764 -
Author's Home Page
Please direct your notices of new URL's or inoperative links to him via email here
Last updated:
December 2, 2005
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